axiom-core-spotlight-ref

Core Spotlight & NSUserActivity Reference

Overview

Comprehensive guide to Core Spotlight framework and NSUserActivity for making app content discoverable in Spotlight search, enabling Siri predictions, and supporting Handoff. Core Spotlight directly indexes app content while NSUserActivity captures user engagement for prediction.

Key distinction Core Spotlight = indexing all app content; NSUserActivity = marking current user activity for prediction/handoff.

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When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when:

• Indexing app content (documents, notes, orders, messages) for Spotlight
• Using NSUserActivity for Handoff or Siri predictions
• Choosing between CSSearchableItem, IndexedEntity, and NSUserActivity
• Implementing activity continuation from Spotlight results
• Batch indexing for performance
• Deleting indexed content
• Debugging Spotlight search not finding app content
• Integrating NSUserActivity with App Intents (appEntityIdentifier)

Do NOT use this skill for:

• App Shortcuts implementation (use app-shortcuts-ref)
• App Intents basics (use app-intents-ref)
• Overall discoverability strategy (use app-discoverability)

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Related Skills

• app-intents-ref — App Intents framework including IndexedEntity
• app-discoverability — Strategic guide for making apps discoverable
• app-shortcuts-ref — App Shortcuts for instant availability

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When to Use Each API

Use Case	Approach	Example
User viewing specific screen	NSUserActivity	User opened order details
Index all app content	CSSearchableItem	All 500 orders searchable
App Intents entity search	IndexedEntity	"Find orders where..."
Handoff between devices	NSUserActivity	Continue editing note on Mac
Background content indexing	CSSearchableItem batch	Index documents on launch

Apple guidance Use NSUserActivity for user-initiated activities (screens currently visible), not as a general indexing mechanism. For comprehensive content indexing, use Core Spotlight's CSSearchableItem.

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Core Spotlight (CSSearchableItem)

Creating Searchable Items

import CoreSpotlight
import UniformTypeIdentifiers

func indexOrder(_ order: Order) {
    // 1. Create attribute set with metadata
    let attributes = CSSearchableItemAttributeSet(contentType: .item)
    attributes.title = order.coffeeName
    attributes.contentDescription = "Ordered on \(order.date.formatted())"
    attributes.keywords = ["coffee", "order", order.coffeeName.lowercased()]
    attributes.thumbnailData = order.imageData

    // Optional: Add location
    attributes.latitude = order.location.coordinate.latitude
    attributes.longitude = order.location.coordinate.longitude

    // Optional: Add rating
    attributes.rating = NSNumber(value: order.rating)

    // 2. Create searchable item
    let item = CSSearchableItem(
        uniqueIdentifier: order.id.uuidString,        // Stable ID
        domainIdentifier: "orders",                   // Grouping
        attributeSet: attributes
    )

    // Optional: Set expiration
    item.expirationDate = Date().addingTimeInterval(60 * 60 * 24 * 365)  // 1 year

    // 3. Index the item
    CSSearchableIndex.default().indexSearchableItems([item]) { error in
        if let error = error {
            print("Indexing error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
}

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Key Properties

uniqueIdentifier

Purpose Stable, persistent ID unique to this item within your app.

uniqueIdentifier: order.id.uuidString

Requirements:

• Must be stable (same item = same identifier)
• Used for updates and deletion
• Scoped to your app

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domainIdentifier

Purpose Groups related items for bulk operations.

domainIdentifier: "orders"

Use cases:

• Delete all items in a domain
• Organize by type (orders, documents, messages)
• Batch operations

Pattern:

// Index with domains
item1.domainIdentifier = "orders"
item2.domainIdentifier = "documents"

// Delete entire domain
CSSearchableIndex.default().deleteSearchableItems(
    withDomainIdentifiers: ["orders"]
) { error in }

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CSSearchableItemAttributeSet

Metadata describing the searchable content.

let attributes = CSSearchableItemAttributeSet(contentType: .item)

// Required
attributes.title = "Order #1234"
attributes.displayName = "Coffee Order"

// Highly recommended
attributes.contentDescription = "Medium latte with oat milk"
attributes.keywords = ["coffee", "latte", "order"]
attributes.thumbnailData = imageData

// Optional but valuable
attributes.contentCreationDate = Date()
attributes.contentModificationDate = Date()
attributes.rating = NSNumber(value: 5)
attributes.comment = "My favorite order"

Common Attributes

Attribute	Purpose	Example
title	Primary title	"Coffee Order #1234"
displayName	User-visible name	"Morning Latte"
contentDescription	Description text	"Medium latte with oat milk"
keywords	Search terms	["coffee", "latte"]
thumbnailData	Preview image	JPEG/PNG data
contentCreationDate	When created	Date()
contentModificationDate	Last modified	Date()
rating	Star rating	NSNumber(value: 5)
latitude / longitude	Location	37.7749, -122.4194

Document-Specific Attributes

// For document types
attributes.contentType = UTType.pdf
attributes.author = "John Doe"
attributes.pageCount = 10
attributes.fileSize = 1024000
attributes.path = "/path/to/document.pdf"

Message-Specific Attributes

// For messages
attributes.recipients = ["jane@example.com"]
attributes.recipientNames = ["Jane Doe"]
attributes.authorNames = ["John Doe"]
attributes.subject = "Meeting notes"

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Batch Indexing for Performance

❌ DON'T: Index items one at a time

// Bad: 100 index operations
for order in orders {
    CSSearchableIndex.default().indexSearchableItems([order.asSearchableItem()]) { _ in }
}

✅ DO: Batch index operations

// Good: 1 index operation
let items = orders.map { $0.asSearchableItem() }

CSSearchableIndex.default().indexSearchableItems(items) { error in
    if let error = error {
        print("Batch indexing error: \(error)")
    } else {
        print("Indexed \(items.count) items")
    }
}

Recommended batch size 100-500 items per call. For larger sets, split into multiple batches.

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Deletion Patterns

Delete by Identifier

let identifiers = ["order-1", "order-2", "order-3"]

CSSearchableIndex.default().deleteSearchableItems(
    withIdentifiers: identifiers
) { error in
    if let error = error {
        print("Deletion error: \(error)")
    }
}

Delete by Domain

// Delete all items in "orders" domain
CSSearchableIndex.default().deleteSearchableItems(
    withDomainIdentifiers: ["orders"]
) { error in }

Delete All

// Nuclear option: delete everything
CSSearchableIndex.default().deleteAllSearchableItems { error in
    if let error = error {
        print("Failed to delete all: \(error)")
    }
}

When to delete:

• User deletes content
• Content expires
• User logs out
• App reset/reinstall

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App Entity Integration (App Intents)

Create from App Entity

import AppIntents

struct OrderEntity: AppEntity, IndexedEntity {
    var id: UUID

    @Property(title: "Coffee", indexingKey: \.title)
    var coffeeName: String

    @Property(title: "Date", indexingKey: \.contentCreationDate)
    var orderDate: Date

    static var typeDisplayRepresentation: TypeDisplayRepresentation = "Order"

    var displayRepresentation: DisplayRepresentation {
        DisplayRepresentation(title: "\(coffeeName)", subtitle: "Order from \(orderDate.formatted())")
    }
}

// Create searchable item from entity
let order = OrderEntity(id: UUID(), coffeeName: "Latte", orderDate: Date())
let item = CSSearchableItem(appEntity: order)
CSSearchableIndex.default().indexSearchableItems([item])

Associate Entity with Existing Item

let attributes = CSSearchableItemAttributeSet(contentType: .item)
attributes.title = "Order #1234"

let item = CSSearchableItem(
    uniqueIdentifier: "order-1234",
    domainIdentifier: "orders",
    attributeSet: attributes
)

// Associate with App Intent entity
item.associateAppEntity(orderEntity, priority: .default)

Benefits:

• Automatic "Find" actions in Shortcuts
• Spotlight search returns entities directly
• App Intents integration

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NSUserActivity

Overview

NSUserActivity captures user engagement for:

• Handoff — Continue activity on another device
• Spotlight search — Index currently viewed content
• Siri predictions — Suggest returning to this screen
• Quick Note — Link notes to app content

Platform support iOS 8.0+, iPadOS 8.0+, macOS 10.10+, tvOS 9.0+, watchOS 2.0+, axiom-visionOS 1.0+

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Eligibility Properties

let activity = NSUserActivity(activityType: "com.app.viewOrder")

// Enable Spotlight search
activity.isEligibleForSearch = true

// Enable Siri predictions
activity.isEligibleForPrediction = true

// Enable Handoff to other devices
activity.isEligibleForHandoff = true

// Contribute URL to global search (public content only)
activity.isEligibleForPublicIndexing = false

Privacy note Only set isEligibleForPublicIndexing = true for publicly accessible content (e.g., blog posts with public URLs).

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Basic Pattern

func viewOrder(_ order: Order) {
    // 1. Create activity
    let activity = NSUserActivity(activityType: "com.coffeeapp.viewOrder")
    activity.title = order.coffeeName

    // 2. Set eligibility
    activity.isEligibleForSearch = true
    activity.isEligibleForPrediction = true

    // 3. Provide identifier for updates/deletion
    activity.persistentIdentifier = order.i

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