tdd-workflow
在编写新功能、修复错误或重构代码时使用此技能。强制执行测试驱动开发,包含单元测试、集成测试和端到端测试,覆盖率超过80%。
Install
mkdir -p .claude/skills/tdd-workflow && curl -L -o skill.zip "https://mcp.directory/api/skills/download/711" && unzip -o skill.zip -d .claude/skills/tdd-workflow && rm skill.zipInstalls to .claude/skills/tdd-workflow
About this skill
测试驱动开发工作流
此技能确保所有代码开发遵循TDD原则,并具备全面的测试覆盖率。
何时激活
- 编写新功能或功能
- 修复错误或问题
- 重构现有代码
- 添加API端点
- 创建新组件
核心原则
1. 测试优先于代码
始终先编写测试,然后实现代码以使测试通过。
2. 覆盖率要求
- 最低80%覆盖率(单元 + 集成 + 端到端)
- 覆盖所有边缘情况
- 测试错误场景
- 验证边界条件
3. 测试类型
单元测试
- 单个函数和工具
- 组件逻辑
- 纯函数
- 辅助函数和工具
集成测试
- API端点
- 数据库操作
- 服务交互
- 外部API调用
端到端测试 (Playwright)
- 关键用户流程
- 完整工作流
- 浏览器自动化
- UI交互
TDD 工作流步骤
步骤 1: 编写用户旅程
As a [role], I want to [action], so that [benefit]
Example:
As a user, I want to search for markets semantically,
so that I can find relevant markets even without exact keywords.
步骤 2: 生成测试用例
针对每个用户旅程,创建全面的测试用例:
describe('Semantic Search', () => {
it('returns relevant markets for query', async () => {
// Test implementation
})
it('handles empty query gracefully', async () => {
// Test edge case
})
it('falls back to substring search when Redis unavailable', async () => {
// Test fallback behavior
})
it('sorts results by similarity score', async () => {
// Test sorting logic
})
})
步骤 3: 运行测试(它们应该失败)
npm test
# Tests should fail - we haven't implemented yet
步骤 4: 实现代码
编写最少的代码以使测试通过:
// Implementation guided by tests
export async function searchMarkets(query: string) {
// Implementation here
}
步骤 5: 再次运行测试
npm test
# Tests should now pass
步骤 6: 重构
在保持测试通过的同时提高代码质量:
- 消除重复
- 改进命名
- 优化性能
- 增强可读性
步骤 7: 验证覆盖率
npm run test:coverage
# Verify 80%+ coverage achieved
测试模式
单元测试模式 (Jest/Vitest)
import { render, screen, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react'
import { Button } from './Button'
describe('Button Component', () => {
it('renders with correct text', () => {
render(<Button>Click me</Button>)
expect(screen.getByText('Click me')).toBeInTheDocument()
})
it('calls onClick when clicked', () => {
const handleClick = jest.fn()
render(<Button onClick={handleClick}>Click</Button>)
fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
})
it('is disabled when disabled prop is true', () => {
render(<Button disabled>Click</Button>)
expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toBeDisabled()
})
})
API 集成测试模式
import { NextRequest } from 'next/server'
import { GET } from './route'
describe('GET /api/markets', () => {
it('returns markets successfully', async () => {
const request = new NextRequest('http://localhost/api/markets')
const response = await GET(request)
const data = await response.json()
expect(response.status).toBe(200)
expect(data.success).toBe(true)
expect(Array.isArray(data.data)).toBe(true)
})
it('validates query parameters', async () => {
const request = new NextRequest('http://localhost/api/markets?limit=invalid')
const response = await GET(request)
expect(response.status).toBe(400)
})
it('handles database errors gracefully', async () => {
// Mock database failure
const request = new NextRequest('http://localhost/api/markets')
// Test error handling
})
})
端到端测试模式 (Playwright)
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'
test('user can search and filter markets', async ({ page }) => {
// Navigate to markets page
await page.goto('/')
await page.click('a[href="/markets"]')
// Verify page loaded
await expect(page.locator('h1')).toContainText('Markets')
// Search for markets
await page.fill('input[placeholder="Search markets"]', 'election')
// Wait for debounce and results
await page.waitForTimeout(600)
// Verify search results displayed
const results = page.locator('[data-testid="market-card"]')
await expect(results).toHaveCount(5, { timeout: 5000 })
// Verify results contain search term
const firstResult = results.first()
await expect(firstResult).toContainText('election', { ignoreCase: true })
// Filter by status
await page.click('button:has-text("Active")')
// Verify filtered results
await expect(results).toHaveCount(3)
})
test('user can create a new market', async ({ page }) => {
// Login first
await page.goto('/creator-dashboard')
// Fill market creation form
await page.fill('input[name="name"]', 'Test Market')
await page.fill('textarea[name="description"]', 'Test description')
await page.fill('input[name="endDate"]', '2025-12-31')
// Submit form
await page.click('button[type="submit"]')
// Verify success message
await expect(page.locator('text=Market created successfully')).toBeVisible()
// Verify redirect to market page
await expect(page).toHaveURL(/\/markets\/test-market/)
})
测试文件组织
src/
├── components/
│ ├── Button/
│ │ ├── Button.tsx
│ │ ├── Button.test.tsx # Unit tests
│ │ └── Button.stories.tsx # Storybook
│ └── MarketCard/
│ ├── MarketCard.tsx
│ └── MarketCard.test.tsx
├── app/
│ └── api/
│ └── markets/
│ ├── route.ts
│ └── route.test.ts # Integration tests
└── e2e/
├── markets.spec.ts # E2E tests
├── trading.spec.ts
└── auth.spec.ts
模拟外部服务
Supabase 模拟
jest.mock('@/lib/supabase', () => ({
supabase: {
from: jest.fn(() => ({
select: jest.fn(() => ({
eq: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({
data: [{ id: 1, name: 'Test Market' }],
error: null
}))
}))
}))
}
}))
Redis 模拟
jest.mock('@/lib/redis', () => ({
searchMarketsByVector: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve([
{ slug: 'test-market', similarity_score: 0.95 }
])),
checkRedisHealth: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve({ connected: true }))
}))
OpenAI 模拟
jest.mock('@/lib/openai', () => ({
generateEmbedding: jest.fn(() => Promise.resolve(
new Array(1536).fill(0.1) // Mock 1536-dim embedding
))
}))
测试覆盖率验证
运行覆盖率报告
npm run test:coverage
覆盖率阈值
{
"jest": {
"coverageThresholds": {
"global": {
"branches": 80,
"functions": 80,
"lines": 80,
"statements": 80
}
}
}
}
应避免的常见测试错误
❌ 错误:测试实现细节
// Don't test internal state
expect(component.state.count).toBe(5)
✅ 正确:测试用户可见的行为
// Test what users see
expect(screen.getByText('Count: 5')).toBeInTheDocument()
❌ 错误:脆弱的定位器
// Breaks easily
await page.click('.css-class-xyz')
✅ 正确:语义化定位器
// Resilient to changes
await page.click('button:has-text("Submit")')
await page.click('[data-testid="submit-button"]')
❌ 错误:没有测试隔离
// Tests depend on each other
test('creates user', () => { /* ... */ })
test('updates same user', () => { /* depends on previous test */ })
✅ 正确:独立的测试
// Each test sets up its own data
test('creates user', () => {
const user = createTestUser()
// Test logic
})
test('updates user', () => {
const user = createTestUser()
// Update logic
})
持续测试
开发期间的监视模式
npm test -- --watch
# Tests run automatically on file changes
预提交钩子
# Runs before every commit
npm test && npm run lint
CI/CD 集成
# GitHub Actions
- name: Run Tests
run: npm test -- --coverage
- name: Upload Coverage
uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
最佳实践
- 先写测试 - 始终遵循TDD
- 每个测试一个断言 - 专注于单一行为
- 描述性的测试名称 - 解释测试内容
- 组织-执行-断言 - 清晰的测试结构
- 模拟外部依赖 - 隔离单元测试
- 测试边缘情况 - Null、undefined、空、大量数据
- 测试错误路径 - 不仅仅是正常路径
- 保持测试快速 - 单元测试每个 < 50ms
- 测试后清理 - 无副作用
- 审查覆盖率报告 - 识别空白
成功指标
- 达到 80%+ 代码覆盖率
- 所有测试通过(绿色)
- 没有跳过或禁用的测试
- 快速测试执行(单元测试 < 30秒)
- 端到端测试覆盖关键用户流程
- 测试在生产前捕获错误
记住:测试不是可选的。它们是安全网,能够实现自信的重构、快速的开发和生产的可靠性。
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