postgres-perf

3
1
Source

PostgreSQL performance optimization and best practices. Use when writing SQL queries, designing schemas, implementing indexes, or debugging database performance. Covers query optimization, connection management, schema design, and RLS.

Install

mkdir -p .claude/skills/postgres-perf && curl -L -o skill.zip "https://mcp.directory/api/skills/download/7470" && unzip -o skill.zip -d .claude/skills/postgres-perf && rm skill.zip

Installs to .claude/skills/postgres-perf

About this skill

PostgreSQL Performance

DB 쿼리/스키마 작성 시 성능 최적화 가이드.

우선순위별 핵심 규칙

🔴 CRITICAL: 쿼리 성능

-- ❌ 인덱스 없는 WHERE
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_email = '[email protected]';

-- ✅ 인덱스 생성
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_email ON orders(customer_email);
  • EXPLAIN ANALYZE 습관화 — 실행 계획 항상 확인
  • Seq Scan이 큰 테이블에 나타나면 인덱스 필요
  • SELECT * 금지 → 필요한 컬럼만 선택
  • N+1 쿼리 → JOIN 또는 배치 조회로 교체

🔴 CRITICAL: 커넥션 관리

  • 커넥션 풀 사용 (직접 연결 금지)
  • Supabase → pgBouncer (transaction mode)
  • 서버리스 환경 → 커넥션 풀 필수
  • 유휴 커넥션 정리

🟡 HIGH: 스키마 설계

-- ❌ 무분별한 인덱스
CREATE INDEX idx_everything ON orders(a, b, c, d, e);

-- ✅ 부분 인덱스 (자주 쓰는 조건)
CREATE INDEX idx_active_orders ON orders(created_at)
WHERE status = 'active';
  • 정규화 vs 비정규화 — 읽기 패턴에 맞게 결정
  • UUID vs serial → UUID가 분산 환경에 유리하나 인덱스 크기 큼
  • JSONB → 구조화 불가능한 데이터만, 쿼리 대상이면 컬럼으로

🟢 MEDIUM: 동시성/잠금

  • 대량 UPDATE/DELETE → 배치 처리
  • SELECT ... FOR UPDATE → 필요한 행만 잠금
  • 트랜잭션 최소화 (짧게 유지)
  • 데드락 방지 — 일관된 잠금 순서

🔵 LOW: RLS (Row Level Security)

-- 보안 정책 예시
CREATE POLICY user_data ON user_profiles
  FOR SELECT USING (auth.uid() = user_id);
  • RLS 정책은 인덱스와 함께 설계 (성능 임팩트!)
  • auth.uid() 호출 최소화
  • 복잡한 정책 → EXPLAIN으로 성능 확인

실무 팁

  • 개발 중: EXPLAIN (ANALYZE, BUFFERS, FORMAT TEXT)
  • 프로덕션: 슬로우 쿼리 로그 활성화
  • 마이그레이션: 대용량 테이블 ALTER는 비동기로
  • 백업: NAS에 pg_dump 자동화 가능

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